The Mediterranean Diet: Five Studies—Does It Work?

Coronary disease is an important issue all over the planet.

Nonetheless, research shows that the frequency of coronary disease is lower among people living in Italy, Greece, and other countries around the Mediterranean, compared to people living in the US. Studies show that diet can play a part.

 

People around the Mediterranean generally follow a diet that is rich in plant-based food varieties, including organic produce, vegetables, whole grains, breads, vegetables, potatoes, nuts and seeds.

 

The super dietary fat is extra virgin olive oil, and so do people polish off red wine, fish, poultry, dairy and eggs in moderate amounts. In the interim, red meat has little effect.

 

This way of eating has started to become popular all over the planet as a way to further develop health and prevent infection.

 

Few randomized controlled trials, which are solid and successful techniques for research, have investigated the potential benefits of this diet.

 

This article looks at 5 long-term controlled trials on the Mediterranean diet. Each of them appears in respected, peer-reviewed journals.

 

The Studies

Most people who underwent these tests had medical problems, including diabetes, metabolic conditions, or a high risk of coronary disease.

 

Most of the studies looked at general health markers, such as weight, heart disease risk factors and markers of diabetes. Some of the larger trials also looked at respiratory failure and mortality.

 

1. Prespecified Study

This massive review included 7,447 people who were at high risk of coronary disease.

 

For about 5 years, the members followed one of three different weight control plans:

 

• A Mediterranean eating routine with added extra virgin olive oil
• (Prescription + olive oil)
• A Mediterranean diet (drug + nuts) with extra nuts
• a low-fat diet benchmark group

None of the eating regimens involve reducing calories or expanding active work.

 

Several analysts have used the information collected during PREDIMED to gauge its impact. The investigation looked at the effect of diet on various gambling factors and endpoints.

 

The following are 6 papers (1.1 to 1.6) from the PREDIMED study.

 

1.1 Astruch R, et al. Essential antidote to cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet enhanced with extra virgin olive oil or nuts. New Britain Diary of Medicine, 2018.

 

Description. In this review, 7,447 people at high risk of heart disease followed either a Mediterranean diet with added olive oil, a Mediterranean diet with added nuts, or a low-fat benchmark group. The review lasted for 4.8 years.

 

The primary focus was the potential effect of diet on coronary episode, stroke and death from cardiovascular causes.

Result. The risk of death from a combined coronary episode, stroke, and heart disease was 31% lower in the prescription+olive oil group and 28% lower in the drug+nuts combination.

Additional Details:

• I didn't really have tremendous contradictions cardiovascular failure or stroke among weight control plans.
• The dropout rate was twice as high in the benchmark group (11.3%), the comparison and the Mediterranean diet group (4.9%). 
• Individuals with high blood pressure, lipid issues, or Preferred Mediterranean eating routine over Weight Control diet.
• I wasn't really a stark contrast absolute mortality, which is the common measure of death from all causes.

Conclusion: A Mediterranean diet with olive oil or nuts may reduce the combined risk of stroke, heart failure and death from heart disease.

 

1.2 Salas-Salvado J, et al. Effect of a Mediterranean eating routine enhanced with nuts on metaboliccondition status. JAMA inside Medicine, 2008.

 

Description. The analysts examined data from 1,224 people at the PREDIMED center after they followed the diet for 1 year. They looked at whether the eating routine helped reverse the metabolic disorder.

 

Result. The normality of metabolic status decreased by 6.7% in the drug + olive oil group and by 13.7% in the prescription + nuts collection. The results were really huge for just collecting drag + nuts.

Conclusion: A Mediterranean diet enhanced with nuts may help reverse metabolic status.

 

1.3 Montserrat F, et al. Effect of a traditional Mediterranean diet on lipoprotein oxidation. JAMA Inside Medicine, 2007.

 

Description. Researchers evaluated 372 people at risk for heart disease after following a diet in the long-term PREDIMED study. They also observed changes in oxidative pressure markers such as elevated LDL (bad) cholesterol.

 

Result. Oxidized LDL (bad) cholesterol levels decreased in both Mediterranean diet groups, but did not reach measurable significance in the low-fat benchmark group.

 

Conclusion: People who followed the Mediterranean diet experienced a reduction in oxidized LDL (bad) cholesterol, along with improvements in some other heart disease risk factors.

 

1.4 Salas-Salvado J, et al. Reduction in the frequency of type 2 diabetes with a Mediterranean diet:results of the Prediabetes-Reuss Nutritional Intervention Randomized Trial. Diabetes Care, 2011.

 

Description. The analysts surveyed 418 individuals without diabetes who participated in a long-term Premed study. He investigated his gamble of causing type 2 diabetes.

 

Result. In the two Mediterranean diet groups, 10% and 11% of people developed diabetes, compared with 17.9% in the low-fat benchmark group. Mediterranean eating routine reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 52%.

 

Conclusion: Mediterranean eating routine without calorie restriction prevents improvement of type 2 diabetes.

 

1.5 Astruch R, et al.Effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on cardiovascular risk factors. Archives of Incoming Medicine, 2006.

Description. Researchers examined information from 772 members in the PREDEMED study regarding cardiovascular risk factors. He was following the diet for a long time.

 

Result. Those on the Mediterranean diet saw improvements in various heart risk factors. These included glucose levels, heart rate, proportion of total HDL (good) cholesterol, and C-responsive protein (CRP) levels, an indicator of inflammation and other diseases.

Some additional Description:

• Glucose: fell to 0.30-0.39 Mol/L at regular Mediterranean dinner gatherings
• Systolic pulse: 5.9 mmHG and fell 7.1 mmHG at two regular Mediterranean dinner gatherings
• Full to HDL (Great) Cholesterol Ratio: The two Mediterranean diets declined by 0.38 and 0.26. Gatherings, opposite and low-fat gatherings
• C-responsive protein: decreased by 0.54 mg/l Prescription + Olive Oil bunch, yet not changed in different gatherings

Conclusion: Unlike and low-fat diet, a Mediterranean diet appears to further develop various risk factors for heart disease.

 

1.6 Ferre GM, et al. Recurrence of nut use and mortality risk in the PREDIMED nutrition interventiontrial. BMC medicine, 2013.

 

Description. Researchers evaluated 7,216 members in PREDIMED after 5 years.

 

Result. After 5 years, a total of 323 people had died, including 81 from heart disease and 130 from disease. Those who consumed nuts had a 16–63% lower risk of death during the review time frame.

 

Conclusion: Consuming nuts as a component of a Mediterranean eating routine can radically reduce the risk of death.

 

2. De Lorgeril M, et al. Mediterranean Eating Routine, Customary Gamble Variables, and the Pace ofCardiovascular Entanglements After Myocardial Dead Tissue: Last Report of theLyon Diet Heart Study. [13] Flow, 1999.

 

Description. The study selected 605 middle-aged men and women who had respiratory failure.

 

For a long time, they consumed either a Mediterranean-type diet (enhanced with omega-3-enriched margarine) or a Western-type diet.

 

Result. After 4 years, people who followed the Mediterranean diet were 72% less likely to suffer cardiovascular failure or die from coronary disease.

 

Conclusion: A Mediterranean diet with omega-3 enrichment may help prevent repeated coronary episodes in people who have had respiratory failure.

 

3. Esposito K, et al. Effect of a Mediterranean-style diet on endothelial fragility and markers ofvascular inflammation in the metabolic syndrome. Diary of the American Clinical Affiliation, 2004.

 

Description. In this study, 180 people with metabolic disorders followed either a Mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet for 2.5 years.

 

Result. At the end of the review, 44% of patients in the Mediterranean diet group actually had a metabolic disorder, compared with 86% in the benchmark group. The Mediterranean diet group also showed improvements in other gambling factors.

 

Some additional Description:

 

• Weight loss: lost body weight Compared to 8.8 pounds (4 kg) in the Mediterranean diet group and 2.6 Pounds (1.2 kg) in the low-fat benchmark group.
• Endothelial potential Number:It advanced in the Mediterranean diet collection but remained stable in the Mediterranean
• Low-fat benchmark group. Different markers. fire marker (hs-CRP, IL-6, IL-7, and IL-18) and the insulin barrier was radically reduced in the regular gathering of Mediterranean food.

Conclusion: A Mediterranean eating routine aids in decreasing metabolic status and other cardiovascular risk factors.

 

4. Shai I, et al. Loseweight with a low-sugar, Mediterranean, or low-fat eating routine. The New Britain Diary of Medication, 2008.

 

Description. In this study, 322 overweight people followed either a calorie-restricted low-fat diet, a calorie-restricted Mediterranean eating routine, or an unobstructed low-carb diet.

 

Result. The low-fat group lost 6.4 pounds (2.9 kg), the low-carb group 10.3 pounds (4.7 kg), and the Mediterranean diet group lost 9.7 pounds (4.4 kg).

 

In people with diabetes, blood sugar and insulin levels increased following a Mediterranean eating routine, in contrast to and a low-fat diet.

 

Conclusion: The Mediterranean diet may be more effective than a low-fat diet for losing weight and controlling diabetes.

 

5. Esposito K, et al. recently analyzed the effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on the need forantihyperglycemic drug treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes [18]. Archives of Incoming Medicine, 2009.

 

Description. In this review, 215 overweight people who had recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes followed either a low-carb Mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet over a long period of time.

 

Result. After four years, 44% of the Mediterranean diet group and 70% of the low-fat diet group needed treatment with the drug.

 

The Mediterranean diet group had better changes in glycemic control and heart disease risk factors.

 

Conclusion:A low-carb Mediterranean diet may postpone or prevent the need for drug treatment in people who have recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.

 

Risk of death

Two of the trials – the PREDIMED study and the Lyon Diet Heart study – affected a sufficient number of individuals and were well tolerated to obtain results regarding mortality, or risk of death, during the review time frame (1.1, 2).

 

To analyze them more effectively, this article consolidates the two types of Mediterranean eating regimens in the Predime study into one.

In the Lyon Diet Heart Study, the Mediterranean diet group was 45% more likely to die over a 4-year period than the low-fat group. Some experts have called this study the best dietary focus ever.

 

The Mediterranean diet group in the PREDIMED study was 9.4% less inclined to cut dust, in contrast and to the benchmark group, but the difference that mattered was not huge.

 

Risk of death from coronary disease

Both the PrideMed and Lyon Diet Heart Studies (1.1 and 2) looked at mortality from congestive heart failure and stroke.

 

The risk of coronary heart disease was 16% lower (not really significant) among those in the PREDIMED study and 70% lower in the Lyon Diet Heart Study.

 

largely (31% with olive oil and 47% with nuts), which was quite significant. In the Lyon Diet Heart Study, four people in the low-fat group had a heart attack, compared with none in the Mediterranean diet group.

 

Weight loss

The Mediterranean diet isn't necessarily a weight-loss diet, but a healthy diet may help prevent heart disease and premature death.

 

However, people can lose weight on the Mediterranean diet.

 

The weight loss data revealed in the above three tests were:

 

The Mediterranean group lost more weight than the low-fat group in every study, but it was only really large in one review.

 

Metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes

Some studies have shown that the Mediterranean diet may help people with metabolic disorders and type 2 diabetes.

 

• The PREDIMED study showed that eating a Mediterranean diet ,13.7% of individuals with metabolic disorders improved their vomiting with nuts status.
• Another paper in a similar report showed that Mediterranean diet routine reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes by up to 52%.
• Esposito, 2004 showed that eating routine decreased Insulin resistance, an element of metabolic status and type 2 diabetes. 
• Shay study showed that the Mediterranean diet, Further developed blood sugar and insulin levels, contrast and low-fat eating regimen
• Esposito, 2009 demonstrated how eating routines can be avoided or Prevent the need for medication in individuals recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.

By all accounts, the Mediterranean diet appears to be a successful option for people with type 2 diabetes.

 

Number of people who dropped out of the studies

In all the investigations, some people dropped out of the research.

 

However, there are no reasonable comparisons of dropout rates between Mediterranean and low-fat diets.

Main concern

The Mediterranean diet has all the signs of being a good choice for preventing or controlling heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and other risk factors. It can also help you lose weight.

 

It can also be a preferred option on a standard low-fat eating routine.